
                    The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ī
                                       
@: Jeff_Tranter, [1]jeff_tranter@pobox.com
Ķ: ñd [2]yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net

   媩 v1.20CA 1999 ~ 7  24 ( v1.20, 24 March 1999)
     _________________________________________________________________
   
   yzbLinuxU󭵮Ī䴩C C|X䴩ĵw]ơA]g
   Fp]n֤Xʵ{Aα`DѵC ƱǥѥAiHs
   WAPɴ֦bUsenetsDդγqH׾¶ej "q"C
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. 

     * 1.1 
     * 1.2 ̷sBM
     * 1.3 ^X
     * 1.4 ɪ`Nƶ
       
2. ĥd޳N

3. 䴩w

     * 3.1 ĥd
     * 3.2 ܩʪXʵ{
     * 3.3 PCz
     * 3.4 (L)
       
4. w

     * 4.1 w˭ĥd
     * 4.2 ]wHY
     * 4.3 ]w֤
     * 4.4 إ߳]
     * 4.5 _Linuxδ
     * 4.6 DPѨM
       
5. 䴩Īγn

6. `DPѵ

     * 6.1 o@ﭵĳ]ɦUN?
     * 6.2 ˼񭵮ɮ?
     * 6.3 ˿s?
     * 6.4 ڥiHu@ĥd?
     * 6.5 ĳ]ƵoͿ~: No such file or directory
     * 6.6 ĳ]ƵoͿ~: No such device
     * 6.7 ĳ]ƵoͿ~: No space left on device
     * 6.8 ĳ]ƵoͿ~: Device busy
     * 6.9 ٬OkF'device busy'~!
     * 6.10 ɩ@bNF
     * 6.11  MOD __
     * 6.12 sĶĳnɥX
     * 6.13 He]ܦnnAoX{ SEGV ~
     * 6.14 Xʵ{w bug?
     * 6.15 󭵮Xʵ{ ioctl A̦O?
     * 6.16 na񭵡AݭnhjCPU~?
     * 6.17 PAS16 M Adaptec 1542 SCSI dftD
     * 6.18 iiHPɿ?
     * 6.19 ڪnQd 16 O] IRQ 2AiOXʵ{ڳ]oӭ
     * 6.20 } LinuxA_ DOSAMᦳǳnon`
     * 6.21 b Linux U] DOOM XD
     * 6.22 ˭Cĥdͪ?
     * 6.23 񭵡A
     * 6.24 i DOS ]Xʵ{AMڪ"ۮed"Sk
     * 6.25 ڪ 16 줸nQdۮedb Linux Uu 8 줸Ҧ
     * 6.26 b̧o Linux γn?
     * 6.27 Xʵ{iiHsĶiJҲ?
     * 6.28 گDx͹nέĥdoX?
     * 6.29 VoxWareO?
     * 6.30 Sox/Play/Vplay ^ "invalid block size 1024"
     * 6.31 ڸJXʵ{ҲիAV]wNQ]F
     * 6.32 u root 
     * 6.33 bIBM ThinkPadWĵwiH䴩?
     * 6.34 ]ڪĥdSVAҥHε{ڥ
     * 6.35 SB16 CT4170 D
     * 6.36 ˱N MIDI keyboard s쭵ĥdW?
     * 6.37 IRQ 15 H Ensoniq PCI 128 D
     * 6.38 ڦbiHiۥѴ MIDI patchAӵ SoftOSS ϥ?
       
7. ѦҤm
     _________________________________________________________________
   
1. 

   oOLinux Sound HOWTOC DnؼЬOѤ@wˤΫظmLinuxĤ
   һݪ ѪֳtѦҸơC ڭ̤@譱^LinuxU󭵮Ī`D
   At@譱]X q/֤譱غإDDѦҸƪӷC
   
   媺dȤΩAXΩ Linux ĥd譱C 󭵮ĥdιq/
   zơAаѾ\ѦҤm`CXC
   
1.1 

   oܦhӦۭXʵ{{XҪ( Hannu Savolainen(
   [3]hannu@voxware.pp.fi)g)C HannuAAlan CoxAζ}o Linux ֤߭
   Xʵ{A HΤε{\\hhLH̡C
   
   ѩ [4]SGML Tools MAϱoiHѤ@ӭlɲͥXXؤP榡
   C
   
1.2 ̷sBM

   󤧳̷sNwiK [5]comp.os.linux.answers sD; ]|
   ܦhOsoTΦWftpAѦp
   [6]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/
   
   Ψ䥦 HOWTO 󪺶Wr]bܦh WWW xWA]A
   [7]http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/ ܦh Linux  CD-ROM wˮM]t
   HOWTO Aq`b /usr/doc/ ؿUC ɦbCD-ROM WAΦCLA
   bftp̪|OLɪC pGb HOWTO WwZWL ӤA
   bInternetWiwgsFC
   
   nбz`NOAѩںʺAʽAb󤤩Ҧ WWW  FTP s
   ioͧܡC
   
   Q½ĶXӤPy:
   
   : [8]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Sound-HOWTO.html
   
   k: [9]http://www.freenix.org/unix/linux/HOWTO/
   
   : [10]http://yebisu.ics.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/linux/
   
   : [11]http://kldp.linux-kr.org/HOWTO/html/Sound/Sound-HOWTO.html
   
   X:
   [12]http://www.phtd.tpu.edu.ru/~ott/russian/linux/howto-rus/Sound-HOWT
   O.html
   
   Z: [13]ftp://ftp.insflug.org/es
   
   hƥΨ䥦 Linux HOWTO ½Ķ]iHb
   [14]http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/ H
   [15]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/C pG
   zN½䥦yAЧiDڡAڷ|bo̴ӳsC
   
1.3 ^X

   o HOWTO AݭnUŲ̄UA~VӶVnΡC pGzĳA
   ץA ηNAЧiD@( [16]jeff_tranter@pobox.com)C ڱN|bU@
   յۥ[JoǷNC
   
   (Ķ`: 糧媩NAЧiD [17]Ķ(yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net)C)
   
   ڤ]ַܼNɧگO^󭵮ĥdLinux@DC boeAХ@
   Ūo g HOWTOAMAکMoDҦӸ`TC Фnݧ
   bDLinux@~t U󭵮ĥdDC
   
   pGzbŪФWΥHwΦo榹Awe@LӡC бH
   Ha }C ]ЦҼ{@U Linux pe@I^mAH Linux K
   OC ЩMLinux HOWTO դH Tim Bynum (
   [18]mailto:linux-howto@metalab.unc.edu )pHohTC
   
1.4 ɪ`Nƶ

   Copyright (c) 1995-1999 by Jeff Tranter.
   
   媩vñd Jeff Tranter (1997-1999) ҦC
   
   This document may be distributed under the terms set forth in the LDP
   license at [19]http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/COPYRIGHT.html
   
   o̷ [20]http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/COPYRIGHT.html ҰO
   LDP ӪڵoC
   
2. ĥd޳N

   FUz糧᭱쪺ǤFѡAo@`²a@Uq ޳N
   nC pGQi@BFѡAЧƦ쭵TμƦHBzyC
   
   nO@񪺲{H(property); iObsd򤺪NȡC Mӹq
   oOƦ쪺Auܽd򤤪XIC FnsiOA ĥd
   F@إs/Ʀഫ(A/DADC)ANniH(Hq) ഫƦrH
   xsC t~]Τ@ӼƦ/ഫ(D/ADAC) NƦrϹLഫqA
   eizAoXnC
   
   ഫƦ쪺L{As@ˡA|ͤ@ǻ~tC Ӧ]MwഫL
   nohnC @O˲vAObɶA wn@X(q
   `ΨCXλ)C C˲vܪHNǽTC 
   GO˥jpA OC@˪ĽdAq` bit ܡC ĽdVjA
   NXǽTƦnC
   
   ĥd@816 bitˡA˲vhb 4000-44000Hz C ˤ]
   nD(歵)nD(n)C
   
   FM XOn¤kC ⤣Pi (piAiATi)
   X_ӲnTC FM XwW²A O{ơA]SuʡC
   ܦhĥd FM XHMLhĥdγnۮeC q`|ѴXտW
   n;λyC
   
   iXXF D/A ഫuʤ FM XhWDOC γoؤkA
   yiHUMΪO餺AbӻݭnCPUtpUA X֤
   קC ̷sUĥd䴩iXC
   
   hƭĥdѲVOAiNPTӷn[HX֡AñWq j
   C
   
   MIDIO־Ʀ줶 (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)A O@إi
   H־qnwwC b MIDI bus WǰeƥiHs MIDI 
   A ѤקέC ܦhĥd MIDI AYϨSAaĥd
   OA MiH MIDI ɡC
   
   MODɬOqͺq`Ϊ榡C FOť~A ɮפ]OF־(λy
   )ƦˡC MODɬOAmigaqӪAunAnA b]
   ALinux䥦tΤW]༽C
   
3. 䴩w

   o@`CXثe Linux 䴩ĥdέĤA Hgɳ̷s Linux ֤
   ǡAb弶gɬO 2.2.4C ou]tbз Linux ֤߽X
   Xʵ{ġC Linux W|䥦Xʵ{sb(Ьݫ᭱ 
   ʪXʵ{ @`)
   
    Linux 䴩ĥdHΥ\઺̷sAЬ Linux ֤߭lX
   ɮסAq`˦b/usr/src/linux/Documentation/sound ؿUC
   
   boHOWTO̪TIntelxLinuxġC
   
   ĥdXʵ{Ӥ]䴩AlphaxWhƭĥdC MӦdMb
   i386 xWu@oܦnAo|M Alpha tΤW䥦]Ʀ}۽ĬC ҥHq
   `SչLܡASko@d쩳णΡC ҥHD˦۹չLAM]
   Tw@ĥdणΡC
   
   i٦bPowerPCxW Linux Xʵ{ٵLkϥΡA LNӷ|
   䴩C
   
   bMIPSxLinuxiHNXʵ{i֤ߡA MIPSEISA
   AΪ̤تowC Linux MIPS group iDڡAbNӥL̫ܦ[J
   ﭵĪ䴩C
   
   Linux ֤ߤ] Atari  Amiga x Linux @Ӥ}Xʵ{A B
   oǾصwA@FM Intel xW Linux ۮelXC
   
   SPARCx Linux ثebYǾWw䴩ġC HMڻbDOW
   ĵwwiHΡA~ DSP Ĳ٥䴩A] Sun èSW
   ơC
   
3.1 ĥd

   HUĥd Linux ֤Xʵ{䴩C 䤤ǬOĴW٦ӫDĥd
   W١C oӦCäO㪺CA ]ܦh䥦dOM䤤@ǥdۮe
   C Ǽtӹj@qɶNܳ]pA ϷsĥdMªͤۮeʡAo
   ªAW[FxZC
   
     * 6850 UART MIDI Interface
     * AD1816/AD1816A based cards
     * ADSP-2115
     * ALS-007 based cards (Avance Logic)
     * ATI Stereo F/X ()
     * Acer FX-3D
     * AdLib ()
     * Audio Excel DSP 16
     * AudioDrive
     * CMI8330 Ĵ
     * Compaq Deskpro XL onboard sound
     * Corel Netwinder WaveArtist
     * Crystal CS423x
     * ESC614
     * ESS1688 Ĵ
     * ESS1788 Ĵ
     * ESS1868 Ĵ
     * ESS1869 Ĵ
     * ESS1887 Ĵ
     * ESS1888 Ĵ
     * ESS688 Ĵ
     * ES1370 Ĵ
     * ES1371 Ĵ
     * Ensoniq AudioPCI (ES1370)
     * Ensoniq AudioPCI 97 (ES1371)
     * Ensoniq SoundScape (ΥRevealMSpeaͲۮed)
     * Gallant SC-6000
     * Gallant SC-6600
     * Gravis Ultrasound
     * Gravis Ultrasound ACE
     * Gravis Ultrasound Max
     * Gravis Ultrasound with 16 bit sampling option
     * HP Kayak
     * Highscreen Sound-Booster 32 Wave 3D
     * IBM MWAVE
     * Logitech Sound Man 16
     * Logitech SoundMan Games
     * Logitech SoundMan Wave
     * MAD16 Pro (OPTi 82C928A82C929A82C930A82C924 )
     * Media Vision Jazz16
     * MediaTriX AudioTriX Pro
     * Microsoft Windows Sound System (MSS/WSS)
     * MiroSOUND PCM12
     * Mozart (OAK OTI-601)
     * OPTi 82C931
     * Orchid SW32
     * Personal Sound System (PSS)
     * Pinnacle MultiSound
     * Pro Audio Spectrum 16
     * Pro Audio Studio 16
     * Pro Sonic 16
     * Roland MPU-401 MIDI interface
     * S3 SonicVibes
     * SY-1816
     * Sound Blaster 1.0
     * Sound Blaster 2.0
     * Sound Blaster 16
     * Sound Blaster 16ASP
     * Sound Blaster 32
     * Sound Blaster 64
     * Sound Blaster AWE32
     * Sound Blaster AWE64
     * Sound Blaster PCI 128
     * Sound Blaster Pro
     * Sound Blaster Vibra16
     * Sound Blaster Vibra16X
     * TI TM4000M notebook
     * Terratec Base 1
     * Terratec Base 64
     * ThunderBoard
     * Turtle Beach Maui
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Fiji
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Hurricane
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Monterey
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle
     * Turtle Beach MultiSound Tahiti
     * Turtle Beach WaveFront Maui
     * Turtle Beach WaveFront Tropez
     * Turtle Beach WaveFront Tropez+
     * VIA chip set
     * VIDC 16-bit sound
     * Yamaha OPL2 Ĵ
     * Yamaha OPL3 Ĵ
     * Yamaha OPL3-SA1 Ĵ
     * Yamaha OPL3-SA2 Ĵ
     * Yamaha OPL3-SA3 Ĵ
     * Yamaha OPL3-SAx Ĵ
     * Yamaha OPL4 Ĵ
       
   "ۮe"@Ǹܥbe: Mjhƭĥd٬ۮenQdA 
   LinuxnQdXʵ{d֤S֡C oǥdpG MSS/WSS  MAD16 X
   ʵ{q`|nC uu Creative Labs nQd( Creative 
   Ap SoundBlaster16 Vibra)A MV Jazz16  ESS688/1688 d~L
   DnQdXʵ{C bҿ "nQdۮe16줸 ĥd" WnQdX
   ʵ{uOOɶ}FC
   
   Linux ֤ߤ]䴩bĥdW SCSI (ProAudioSpectrum 16)αMݥо
    (pnQd Pro)C Ь Linux [21]SCSI HOWTO  [22]CDROM HOWTO 
   H@`JFѡC
   
   (Ķ`: CDROM HOWTO 媩b
   [23]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/CDROM-HOWTO.html)
   
   bĥdW`n줶A]Ӯ֤ߥiJҲդ䴩C
   
   `No̴쪺SCSIACD-ROMAnέXʵ{OLC
   
3.2 ܩʪXʵ{

   Linux ֤ߪĥdXʵ{̦O Hannu Savolainen gC Hannu ~
   }o Open Sound SystemA@ӥ 4Front Technologies XA䴩h
   Unix tΪӷ~Xʵ{C Red Hat Software ӸU Alan Cox 
   Wj֤߭Xʵ{Aϥ̧ҲդơC ܦhLH]UA Hεo
   isĥdB~Xʵ{C oǭקLXʵ{ Red Hat bL̪ 5.0
    5.2 oM󤤨ϥΡC ثeoǧܤwgb 2.0 XiзǮ֤ߤC
   Alan Cox O{bзǮ֤߭Xʵ{@HAM Hannu CjǮɭԤ|
   ai@ǥѰӷ~ΥXӪ{XiӡC
   
   ӷ~ Open Sound System Xʵ{( 4Front Technologies oi)
   _Ӯe]wA]䴩hdASOOsĥdC ]MзǮ֤Xʵ{
   gε{ۮeC IOznA]|olXC zibMwn
   nRHeUKOեΪC ԲӪTib4Front Technologies
   [24]http://www.opensound.comoC
   
   Jaroslav KyselaΨLHGravis UltraSoundĥdgFi諸Xʵ{C o
   ӭpeӧWAdvanced Linux Sound Architecture(i Linux Ĭ[c
   AALSA)AͤF@ӥL̻{[@iΡA BiΨӨN֤ߤX
   {C ALSA Xʵ{䴩\h`ĥdA ӥBOuAҲդơAM{
   s֤ߤĬ[cۮeC ALSA peDnb
   [25]http://www.alsa-project.orgC ӥt~ "Alsa-sound-mini-HOWTO"A
   ̭DnOpsĶΦw˳oXʵ{C
   
   Markus Mummert ( [26]mum@mmk.e-technik.tu-muenchen.degF Turtle
   Beach MultiSound(classic) ATahitiAMontereyĥdΪXʵ{A
   :
   
     "It is designed for high quality hard disk recording/playback
     without losing sync even on a busy systemC Other features such as
     wave synthesisAMIDI and digital signal processor (DSP) cannot be
     usedC AlsoArecording and playback at the same time is not
     possibleC It currently replaces VoxWare and was tested on several
     kernel versions ranging from 1.0.9 to 1.2.1C AlsoAit is
     installable on UN*X SysV386R3.2 systems."
     (O~wп񭵳]pAYϨtέtjA]|C 䥦pi
     XA MIDI μƦHBz (DSP) hϥΡC ]Pɿ񭵡C
     ثeiN VoxWare Aæb1.0.91.2.1֤ߴչLC ]iH˦b
     UN*X SysV386R3.2 tΤWC)
     
   ib [27]http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~mccreary/tbeachC
   
   Kim Burgaard ( [28]burgaard@daimi.aau.dk gF MPU-401 MIDI ΪX
   ʵ{Τε{C Linux Software Map pU:
   
     "A device driver for true Roland MPU-401 compatible MIDI interfaces
     (including Roland SCC-1 and RAP-10/ATW-10)C Comes with a useful
     collection of utilities including a Standard MIDI File player and
     recorder.
     (@ӵM MPU-401ۮe MIDI (]A Roland SCC-1
     RAP-10/ATW-10)  Xʵ{C ]aFnΪε{A]AзǪ
     MIDI ɼ񾹤οs{C)
     
     Numerous improvements have been made since version 0.11aC Among
     other thingsAthe driver now features IRQ sharing policy and
     complies with the new kernel module interfaceC Metronome
     functionalityApossibility for synchronizing e.gC graphics on a
     per beat basis without losing precisionAadvanced
     replay/record/overdub interface and muchAmuch more."
     (q 0.11a _ASiFhiC 䤤]AF IRQ @ΡA٦isĶ
     ֤߼ҲաC `羹\iFC@糣PBӤॢǫסA}/
     overdub(?) ΫܦhܦhC)
     
   ib
   [29]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/mpu401-0.2.tar.gz 
   C
   
   ĥdbLinuxU٦@ӷs_γ~ -- @~lLuqܾC 2.1.x 
   H᪺֤ߥ]tF@ӧQnQd Windows Sound System ۮedӹ@
   1200 bps AFSK  9600 bps FSK ʥ]wXʵ{C ԱШ Linux AX25
   HOWTOC ((@)]OӤLڡAN VE3ICH)
   
3.3 PCz

   t~٦@ӤnB~w骺Xʵ{AQPCzC MXʵ{n
   WjۮeAiHQAthFACPUt]hFC ͪ
   GUOzSʦӦܤjtOC ЬݤH`FѡC
   
   oӳnw@qɶSsFAib
   [30]ftp://ftp.infomatik.hu-berlin.de/pub/os/linux/hu-sound/C
   
3.4 (L)

   ٦ӿܡANOΥ[W@ǪF谵Ʀ/ഫC  PC 
   znA CPU tC e@p`쪺zXʵ{䴩A٥]tF
   syһݵw骺C
   
4. w

   nbLinuxU䴩ġAiHUBJ:
   
    1. w˭ĥd
    2. ]wHY(Plug and Play)(pGiH/ݭn)
    3. سy֤ߡAϤ䴩
    4. سy]
    5. ҰLinux֤ߡAô
       
   pGzϥ Red Hat LinuxA̭Ӥε{s sndconfigA bhƱΤU
   ۰ʰzĥdAó]wһݪ]wɡAJһݪXʵ{C pGzϥ
   Red Hat ګĳzոեC pG\FAܴ᭱NiHLC
   
   pG sndconfig ѤFAαzϥΧOoMA αzQngѤʳ]wi
   @BFѾӹB@L{AUN|ԥ[ѻC@BJC
   
4.1 w˭ĥd

   ӻѪܡAw˵wAάOмtӨӸˡC
   
   ªĥdq`}θuAH]wIRQADMAqDAЧoǳ]wOUӡC
   pGzTwnաANӥXtȡC i઺ܡAקKM䥦](pd
   ASCSIdA ΦC)۽ġC
   
   YzbDOSUϥέĥdAq`ӳ]MDOSU@ˡC LǱpU(SO
   OPnP d)]in]MDOS@˪ȡC oɥin@UC
   
4.2 ]wHY

   {bhƭĥdHYΨwӳ]w I/O }A_ DMA qDXC pG
   zϥΪO]wȩTwάOuվ㪺AziHLo@`C
   
   b 2.2 ֤ߤAM٨S䴩HYΡC nѨMDOϥγ\h
   Linux oM󤤩Ҫ isapnp u(αz]iHq Red Hat 
   [31]http://www.redhat.com/U)C
   
   dݱz Linux wˮM󤤪C iভz]wnHYΤFA 
   ̥iMUPC pGznʳ]wAisapnp u㪺Ӹ`iHb
   man page C ²檺Azng{Ǧ:
   
     * ϥ pnpdump ӧҦzHYγ]ƪi]wA⵲Gs
       /etc/isapnp.confC
     * Ѩ䤤ܩM䥦]Ƥ۽Ĭ𪺳]wAñNb /etc/isapnp.conf 
       ]Ħ(uncomment)C OѤFⱵɧ(ACT Y)eѲŸ
       C
     * Tw}ɷ| isapnpAoq`Ѷ}檺ROZ@C }
       Τʰ isapnpC
       
   pGF@ǲzѱzLkΤQϥ isapnp uA٦XؿܡC pGzb
   Microsoft Windows 95  98AziHQθ˸m޲zӳ]wdAM
   loadlin x}iJ LinuxC Tw Linux  Windows ϥάۦP]wѼơC
   
   pGzb DOS UϥγodAziH SoundBlaster16 PnP d icu 
   {AM LOADLIN x}i LinuxC @ˡATw DOS M Linux Τ@˪
   ]wC
   
   ǭĥdXʵ{ݭnnӪlƥdHYΥ\C ЬݥdXʵ{
   oԲӸTC
   
4.3 ]w֤

   wˮɱzΪOwsĶL֤ߡA̳q`O䴩ĪC ҥH̦nۤvs
   ĶAX vΪ֤ߡC ӥBAz]iQnǦӤɯŨs֤ߡAάO
   Yp֤nAW[ iΪOC MAzĥdϥΫAziQ
   خ֤ߡA ⭵Xʵ{ҲաC
   
   bpسy֤ߤ譱AzӰѦ [32]Linux Kernel HOWTOC ڦbo̥uM
   ĥdC (Ķ`: 媩b
   [33]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Kernel-HOWTO.html
   
   pGz٨SsĶ֤ߡA[JĤ䴩gAŪ@U֤Xʵ{̪
    (SOOzĥd)OӤDNC oɮץiHb֤ߤ
   ؿAq`b /usr/src/linux/Documentation/soundC pGSo
   ؿA zi٦bϥΫD`ª֤ߡAάOڥSˮ֤߭lXC
   
   Ӥ@y֤ߪ{ǨӴNnC ثe]w֤ߦTؤiܡC  "make
   xconfig " isXbX11Uϧγ]w;  "make menuconfig" hOr 
   椶; ̭lkAhO "make config"AѤF²檺 rݵ
   C
   
   ]w֤߮ɡAbܱzĥdXʵ{ﶵɷ|ܦhܡC b]wu
   uWDUӥiHzC@ӿﶵOC ̷ӱzҪA ܳ̾A
   ﶵC
   
   b]wҦﶵAzӷ Kernel HOWTO ӭssĶæwˮ֤ߡC
   
4.4 إ߳]

   F`ާ@AUĳ]ƫإ߳]ɡC `pUbz Linux 
   Nwg ئnFAiHΤUCROֳtˬd@UC pGXGMUܹ(
   @ SY)A]ɮthO]wTFC
   
% ls -l /dev/sndstat
crw-rw-rw-   1 root     root      14A  6 Apr 25  1995 /dev/sndstat

   `NFT]ɨäOҤ@FC b]ƯΥHeA٬OnJ
   [i ֤Xʵ{(yAԭz)C
   
   bּƱpApGzTH]ɳ]AziHإ̡C h Linux oM
   󦳦 /dev/MAKEDEV ROZiHΨӰoơC
   
4.5 _Linuxδ

   zܦӥiHǳư_ʷs֤ߡAXʵ{FC ӵ۱zɦwˤέҰʷs
   ֤ߪB Jh(MAOd@®֤ߥHU@)C
   
   b_ʤAˬd@USHUT:(pGTʤӧ֡AziH
   dmesg RO^LӬdݡC)
   
Sound initialization started
<Sound Blaster 16 (4.13)> at 0x220 irq 5 dma 1,5
<Sound Blaster 16> at 0x330 irq 5 dma 0
<Yamaha OPL3 FM> at 0x388
Sound initialization complete

   oөMzĥdθu]w(pG)@PC
   
   pGzΥiJҲաAHWTN|ܥX(DzJɡA insmod
   sound trace_init=1)
   
   Xʵ{J֤ߤɡAӷ|Sound initialization started
   Sound initialization completeTC pGSAܭX ʵ{S
   JAoɱzˬd@Uثe_ʪ֤ߦS[JXʵ{䴩C
   
   pGbSound initialization started Sound initialization completeS
   LXFA ܨS쭵ĳ]ơC o̥i઺]OzSϥ
   TXʵ{AdSQ䴩AI/O}αzΤF٨S]wL PnP dC
   
   Xʵ{_ʤiLX~ĵiTC b]wXʵ{AҰʮɡA
   `No ǰTC
   
   AӬOˬd/dev/sndstat]ɡC ŪoӪAɥiHoB~TA άO
   ĥdXʵ{OOTҰʤFC XdҦpU:
   
% cat /dev/sndstat
Sound Driver:3.5.4-960630 (Sat Jan 4 23:56:57 EST 1997 root,
Linux fizzbin 2.0.27 #48 Thu Dec 5 18:24:45 EST 1996 i586)
Kernel: Linux fizzbin 2.0.27 #48 Thu Dec 5 18:24:45 EST 1996 i586
Config options: 0

Installed drivers:
Type 1: OPL-2/OPL-3 FM
Type 2: Sound Blaster
Type 7: SB MPU-401

Card config:
Sound Blaster at 0x220 irq 5 drq 1,5
SB MPU-401 at 0x330 irq 5 drq 0
OPL-2/OPL-3 FM at 0x388 drq 0

Audio devices:
0: Sound Blaster 16 (4.13)

Synth devices:
0: Yamaha OPL-3

Midi devices:
0: Sound Blaster 16

Timers:
0: System clock

Mixers:
0: Sound Blaster

   HWRO]i^~TC "No such file or directory" ܱz S
   س](Ѧ4.3`)C "No such device" ܭĵ{SJAΨS s
   i֤߸̡C Ц^ 4.2 `HץC
   
   pG /dev/sndstat ɤAb"Card config:"qXgbA (N"
   (SoundBlaster at 0x220 irq 5 drq 1,5)")Aܳ]Ƥwg]wFAOS
    C
   
   {bzӥiHոթ²檺ɤFC dҭɡA⥦]ɨˬd
   C
   
% cat endoftheworld >/dev/dsp
% cat crash.au >/dev/audio

   (TwzSٲjŸ)
   
   `NAbɥcatO񭵮ɪKkAouOFˬd}FC hXA
   񭵵{(᭱ԭz)iHonC
   
   ub /dev/sndstat  audio devices oqܤ֦CX@ӳ]ƪΤUA
   HWRO~|ġC pGoqSCXFAzˬd@U]ƨS
   C
   
   pGHWRO^"I/O error"AziH "dmesg"ROˬd ֤߰TA
   bܥi|LX~TAӥBg`O "Sound: DMA (output) timed out
   - IRQ/DRQ config error?"C oӰTOXʵ{Sqĥdo ӵo
   ͪ_C ̦i઺]OAIRQ M DMA ]wS@ΡC ѨMoD
   nkNOgkҿAҦoid]쪺 DMA M IRQ ftոլݡC
   
   t@إi]OXʵ{MdۮeC oXG@wOҿ "nQd(Pro/16)
   ed " MnQdXʵ{f_ӡC oتpUznXMzdftX
   ʵ{~ C(ҦpAiHѨcomp.os.linux.hardwareQװϰݰ)
   
   @ǭĽdɥib
   [34]ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/snd-data-0.1.tar.Z 
   C
   
   {bziHոտFC pGzdOAziHΥHUROӧֳt
   @U:
   
# qJi 4 n
EDT% dd bs=8k count=4 < /dev/audio >sample.au
4+0 records in
4+0 records out
# X
% cat sample.au > /dev/audio

   MzݭnsĥdJA٭nۥܡA~եXSġC z
   ]\] n˨@ӲV{A]wJJ˸mAó]wWqC
   
   pGHWճqLFAzNzѬ۫HD/AA/DwMn鳣ܥ`C p
   GzI DAѦҤU@p`C
   
4.6 DPѨM

   pGziFHWJAMDAiHˬdXӦaC oˬd²
    ̧ǱƦCApGˬdXDAѨMAAiU@DˬdC
   
  Ĥ@B: TwzαzۤvsĶ֤߰_ʡC
  
   ziHή֤ߪWOѧOOOzsĶӦ䴩Ī֤ߡC ziH
    unameROӧ@:
   
% uname -a
Linux fizzbin 2.2.4 #1 Tue Mar 23 11:23:21 EST 1999 i586 unknown

   /proc/versionɤe:
   
% cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.2.4 (root@fizzbin) (gcc version 2.7.2.3) #1 Tue Mar 23 11:23:21

EST 1999

   pGWOOzsĶ֤ߪɶAzΤFª֤ߡC zu}F?
   pGz LILOAOO˩O(`lilo)? pGOnа_ʡAzu F
   s}AåΥ}?
   
  ĤGB: Tw֤߭Xʵ{sihC
  
   ²檺kNOeLAˬd "/dev/sndstat"XC pGa褣
   A ֤߳]wΫإߤ@wDC As]wΫإߡAw˷s֤ߪ{ǡC
   
  ĤTB: ֤߰_ʮɦzĥd?
  
   Tw֤߱ҰʮɱzdQC zӬݹL}TFApGoL֡A
   zq`i  dmesg ROs^:
   
% dmesg

   
   
% tail /var/adm/messages

   pGzdSANOY@BXDC TwiduˤFC pGid
   bDOSUu @oܦnAzNzѬ۫HwO`C Oz⭵ĥd]
   AUѼơANO zĥdM֤߭Xʵ{ۮeC
   
   @إiNOݭnSDOSXʵ{Xʪ"ۮe"dC յ۰_ DOSAJ t
   ӵXʵ{AMControl-Alt-Deletex}iLinuxC TwdI/O
   }ADMAIRQ]wMDOS@ˡC ŪbXʵ{lX Readme.cards
   ɥHo]wzodܰTC
   
   pGzdèSb󤤦CXAiOLinuxXʵ{S䴩YC zi
   HѦҥ ѦҤmӨDUC
   
  ĥ|B: zqdsp]ŪXƶ?
  
   ոեΫeL dd ROŪ /dev/audioC oөROӤ|~~C
   
   pGAiO IRQ/DMA ĨAάYصw餣ۮe(]Ƥ Linux 䴩A
   ΥοX ʵ{)C
   
   ٦@Ӥ֨iO}wC i઺ܡAbDOSUդ@UAhoإi
   ʡC
   
  nOoǳSΩO?
  
   pGz٬ODAo̴ѳ̫X۸ո:
   
     * p߭ŪoHOWTO
     * ŪCѦҤmAά֤߭lXC
     *  comp.os.linux Ψ䥦UsenetQװ (comp.os.linux.hardware OӦn
       a; ]oqhA ̦nbD "sound"Ao˾AXMa~
       |쥦C)
     * Web/UsenetjMA[WzjMAܧִNܦnG
       C @ӦnܬO [35]http://www.altavista.digital.comC
     * γ̷sLinux֤ߡC(Oub̫Y~ΡA̷soiή֤ߥiܤ
       í)
     * oʫHXʵ{@
     * oʫHSound HOWTO@
     * sXemacsAJEsc-x doctor :-)
       
   (Ķ`: M̫@O})
   
5. 䴩Īγn

   pGzbLinuxUέĥdA ڦbo̴X@Ǳzi|QnγnC z
   iHd@U Linux Software MapAںɮ׮wAάOzLinux CD-ROM H
   X̷sTC
   
   zַ̤|QnHUĳn:
   
     * ɮ׮榡ഫn (p Sox)
     * V{ (p aumix  xmix)
     * ɼn (p play  wavplay)
     * MOD ɮ׼n (p tracker)
     * MIDI ɮ׼n (p playmidi)
       
   ou㦳rA]GUIC ]@Ǥ_@I (y
   Rο)Azi|QݡC
   
6. `DPѵ

   o@`^g`bUsenetQװϤγqH׾±`Qݨ쪺DC
   
   iHbOSSXʵ{ݨhDѵC
   
6.1 o@ﭵĳ]ɦUN?

   HUO̼зǪ]ɦWAM Linux wˮMiΤӤ@˪W١C
   
   /dev/audio
          @Os /dev/audio0
          
   /dev/audio0
          MSunu@ۮenT] (u@FAä䴩 Sun  ioctl 
          Au u-law sX)
          
   /dev/audio1
          ĤGӭT] (pGĥd䴩AΤu@iĥd)
          
   /dev/dsp
          @s /dev/dsp0
          
   /dev/dsp0
          ĳƦ˳]
          
   /dev/dsp1
          ĶLƦ˳]
          
   /dev/mixer
          q`s /dev/mixer0
          
   /dev/mixer0
          ĳV
          
   /dev/mixer1
          ĶLV
          
   /dev/music
          s
          
   /dev/sequencer
          C MIDIAFMA GUS s
          
   /dev/sequencer2
          q`s /dev/music
          
   /dev/midi00
          ĳ(raw)MIDI
          
   /dev/midi01
          ĶLMIDI
          
   /dev/midi02
          İѭMIDI
          
   /dev/midi03
          ĸvMIDI
          
   /dev/sndstat
          ŪɡAܭXʵ{A(/proc/sound ]O@˪)
          
   PCzXʵ{ѥHU]:
   
   /dev/pcaudio
          M /dev/audio P
          
   /dev/pcsp
          M /dev/dsp @
          
   /dev/pcmixer
          M /dev/mixer @
          
6.2 ˼񭵮ɮ?

   Sun u@(.au)iH /dev/audio өXA lɥiH
   /dev/dspAMoˤ@ӻ|ͫܮtXC ϥι play o˪{
   nAӥBٯOɮ榡A ]wT˲vC
   
   ϥι wavplay  vplay (b snd-util M){ WAV ɬO̦nF
   A Mӥ̵Lk Microsoft ADPCMYL WAV ɡC PɡAª play
   (b Lsox M) 16 줸 WAV ɳBzoänC
   
   b snd-util  splay ROpGHʿJAѼơAiHΨӼhƭ
   ɡC
   
6.3 ˿s?

   iHq /dev/audio  /dev/dsp Ū˹LơA iHVɮץhC
    vrec o˪{iH²a˲vήɶC z]ݭnVAHK
   ܷQnJӷC
   
6.4 ڥiHu@ĥd?

   {bXʵ{\z˦nXnQdAnQd ProAnQd 16AMPU-401
    MSS dC ˨nQdOi઺ALnʽs local.hA w
   qSB2_BASEASB2_IRQASB2_DMA  SB2_DMA2(ǱΤU~n)C ]iHPɸ
   @nQdΤ@ PAS16C
   
   YOzmake configӳ]ws2.0.x֤ߪĪܡAzӽs
   /usr/include/linux/autoconf.hӫDlocal.hC z|ݨX:
   
#define SBC_BASE 0x220
#define SBC_IRQ (5)
#define SBC_DMA (1)
#define SB_DMA2 (5)
#define SB_MPU_BASE 0x0
#define SB_MPU_IRQ (-1)

   b̫᭱[JX(ƭȨ̷ӱztγ]w)
   
#define SB2_BASE 0x330
#define SB2_IRQ (7)
#define SB2_DMA (2)
#define SB2_DMA2 (2)

   HUXʵ{z˦hd:
   
     * GUS (Xʵ{)
     * MAD16 (w魭)
     * AudioTrix Pro (w魭)
     * CS4232 (w魭)
       
6.5 ĳ]ƵoͿ~: No such file or directory

   znإ߳]ɡC аѨeإ߳]ɪC pGzT꦳]ɡA 
   dDsΦsO_TC (@¤@I CD-ROM Linux wˮMiण|
   bwˮɫإߥT])
   
6.6 ĳ]ƵoͿ~: No such device

   z֤ߨä䴩Xʵ{AάOI/O}]wMw餣@PC ˬdzO_
   ηsy ֤߶}AýT{]wMwO@PC
   
6.7 ĳ]ƵoͿ~: No space left on device

   pGzSإߥn]ɡANƥi /dev/audio  /dev/dspAN|o
   ͳoرpC oɳo"]"uOqɮסA ӥBzϺж뺡FC
   zӥ󤤫إ߳] o@p`ޥh樺өROZC
   
   b Linux 2.0 ΤA]ƶ}ҡAtΫoS RAM ɥ|o͡C C
    DMA qDAXʵ{ܤֻݭn⭶ (8K) sO϶C oرb
    16M  RAM ΤwgҰʫܤ[tΤWio͡C bA}ҳ]ɥHeA]
   \iHsĶΰHU C {AHťX@ RAM XӡC
   
main() {
  int i;
  char mem[500000];
  for (i = 0; i < 500000; i++)
    mem[i] = 0;
  exit(0);
}

6.8 ĳ]ƵoͿ~: Device busy

   @ӭĳ]Ƥ@u൹@ӵ{ǥΡC boDA ̥i઺δNOO
   {ǥbϥγoӳ]ơC Twk@O fuser RO:
   
% fuser -v /dev/dsp
/dev/dsp:             USER       PID ACCESS COMMAND
                      tranter    265 f....  tracker

   bWҤAfuser RO 265 {Ƕ}ҤFӳ]ơC iHܵΧ
   屼Ao˭ĳ]ƴNSϥΤFC zӥH root  fuser ROA
   oˤ~|CXFzH~ϥΪ̡C
   
6.9 ٬OkF'device busy'~!

   ھ Brian Gough kAϥΤ@ DMA qDnQd|MPˤ] DMA 1
    QIC-02 ϱaXʵ{۽ġAy "device busy" ~C pGz
   FTAPEA zi঳[ioӺϱaXʵ{C ھ FTAPE-HOWTOAQIC-02 X
   ʵ{bϥ FTAPE ɤOn; u QIC-117 ~nC y֤ߡAϥ
   QIC-117 Xʵ{A  QIC-02Ao FTAPE έXʵ{N@sFC
   
6.10 ɩ@bNF

   oدgAq`O@kAM᧹AΦLX "missing IRQ" 
   "DMA timeout" TC KOz IRQ  DMA ]FC ֹ@UAzb֤
    ]wOOMwu@ˡAӥBèSMOd۽ġC
   
   t@دgOn@СC oq`ɦ] IRQ ĬC
   
6.11  MOD __

   nMODɡAݭni[ CPU OC zi]Ӧh{ɭPtΤLCAL
   kήɩ񭵡C UXظѪk:
   
     * θC˲vAΥunD
     * 䥦椤{F
     * R֪q
     * Rjĥd( Gravis UltraSound)
       
   pGz Gravis UltraSound ĥdAzӨϥαM GUS ]p MOD 
   { (p gmod)
   
6.12 sĶĳnɥX

   1.0cHMHeXʵ{ΧPBۮe ioctl() 覡C s
   lXAΰnܡA⥦ӨAXsXʵ{ΡC ԨXʵ{
    Readme ɡC
   
   ]нTwsĶε{ɡAzϥγ̷s soundcard.h  ultrasound.hC Ш
   }YB̪w˫ޡC
   
6.13 He]ܦnnAoX{ SEGV ~

   oMWӰDiO@˪C
   
6.14 Xʵ{w bug?

   Ьݮ֤߭Xʵ{̪ɮסC
   
6.15 󭵮Xʵ{ ioctl A̦O?

   ثelXH~̨Ϊb 4Front Technologies 
   [36]http://www.opensound.comC t@ӨӷO Linux Multimedia GuideAb
   ѦҤm@ԭzC
   
6.16 na񭵡AݭnhjCPU~?

   oDn^AM:
   
     * ϥ PCM ٬O FM X
     * ˲vμ˥jp
     * έӵ{
     * ĥdw
     * ϺжǿtvACPU ɯWvA֨jp
       
   @ӻA 386 HWӳiHb 8 줸ĥdW񭵮ġAΥ
   FM X񭵼֡C
   
   MӡA MOD ɻݭni[ CPU 귽C @ǹʪqܡAnH 44KHz
   A nӤ@ 486/50 CPU  40% O; 386/25 XGi 22KHz
   󰪪˲vC (H8줸ĥdApnQdAҴo) @ǹ Gravis
   UltraSound dw鴣ѧh\A ݭnCPU귽N֡C
   
   oǬO]qSb]䥦CPUOu@C
   
   pGzqƾǻUBz ( CPU  FPU)A ι sox o˪{
   ഫμW[ĪG|֤֡C M֤Xʵ{OSΨBIBC
   
6.17 PAS16 M Adaptec 1542 SCSI dftD

   (HUseeker@indirect.com)
   
   Linux u{Xb 330(w]) 334 }W 1542A PAS uN
   MPU-401 ]b 330C Yϱzγnh MPU-401 \ApGow٦bo
   ӹw]}WA M|M 1542 ۽ġC  1542  334 N򳣸ѨMFC
   
   t~A1542 M PAS-16 Ψ 16 줸 DMAAҥHpGz@H 16 줸
   A44KHz nA@Nɮצs챾b 1542 WwЪܡA·дNӤFC
    DMA |YP@OAɭP RAM SɶRqAMN|X{PR
   "PARITY ERROR - SYSTEM HALTED" TAzƦ٨ӤΪDC 
   V|O QIC-117 ϱaOtӫĳ]w׬yƶ}/ɶA  1542 
   ׬yƧ[C q Adaptec  BBS  Internet 䥦a SCSISEL.EXE {
   A BUS ON ɶμW[ BUS OFF ɶAoDC SCSISEL
   | EEPROM ]wAҥHb CONFIG.SYS J DOS Xʵ{ĤO
   [A}Ni Linux ]( DOS ׸ɵ{)C SѨMF@ӰDC
   
   ̫@ӰD - ª Symphony ռ@PaC I/O PɶA[ֶ׬y
   sC کҪLUإdAF PAS-16 H~AS@dbCPɦX
   {L DC Media Vision  BBS  SYMPFIX.EXE iHN Symphony 
   ׬yƱE_줸աAvnoدgAoä⦳OOҡC z]
   \n:
   
     * DOgPӡAª
     * DOA
     * ROPĥdC
       
   Young Microsystems @NH $30()NL̻sOlɯ; pGz
   XֻsνֶifOlAOtӤ]i|o(znB)C ڧکҪoD
   X ProAudio ׬yƤ; SH| $120 RĥdAM⥦b
   6MHz  AT WC hƤH|ɯŨ 25-40MHz  386/486AӦpG]pTA 
   ֯Ө 12MHz HW׬yWvC FAUx@`C
   
   Ĥ@ӰDMzDOաA׬yƳtvAΨ䥦 BIOS ]wA٦G
   ʦC (?) ĤGӰDoAzORq覡 (æΦPB)
   A1542 DMA Wvζ׬y I/O tv(i঳)C ĤTӰDAiHqܨ
   Media VisionAݥḼ Symphony ժCt]pML̪dۮeC b
   ĵi@UA ڰݹL|"u{v"ANTYahC ťLOH
   woԣ@ˡA L̬ƦܳsۤvdMC
   
   Ķ`: o@qiMNtܦhAĳФ[ѡC
   
6.18 iiHPɿ?

   @ǥdXʵ{䴩o\C Ьݦb 4Front Technologies 
   A FjpΥC
   
6.19 ڪnQd 16 O] IRQ 2AiOXʵ{ڳ]oӭ

   b '286 ΥH᪺AIRQ2 _sFĤGӤ_C PIRQ 9C
   
6.20 } LinuxA_ DOSAMᦳǳnon`

   obx}i DOS o͡C ɿ~T|~ɱzAHO CONFIG.SYS ɭ
   ̼gFC
   
   hƲ{bĥdn]w IRQ  DMA ]wC pGzdb Linux U
   MSDOS/Windows U]wȤ@˪ܡAi|yDC ǭĥd]s
   ơA D resetC (pqA}AΨϥεwWresets)
   
   ²IkNOUresetAΧ}FA}Anηx}(Y
   Ctrl-Alt-Del)C
   
   ѫhOTOzbMS-DOSLinuxUΦP˪IRQDMA]w (ΰܤnDOS
   :-)C
   
6.21 b Linux U] DOOM XD

   Q ID software X DOOM C Linux a̡A ioӦC
   
   nTĿXAzݨϥ 2.90 ΥH᪺Xʵ{; 䴩FY
    DOOMҦC
   
   ļ˥O16 bitC pGz8 bitĥdAzMiHΤ@ǥib
   [37]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/games/doom쪺@ǵ{An
   X{C
   
   pGDOOMʧ@yZA⭵Ĩ( sndserver ɧW)|@ǧiC
   
   DOOM w]䴩( DOS )C musserver {NW[LinuxU ֤
   C iHb [38]ftp://pandora.st.hmc.edu/pub/linux/musserver.tgz 
   C
   
6.22 ˭Cĥdͪ?

   ΰ~誺̽qlAӴѴAi঳UCC pGĥdq
   sAziHոդP]w(̤jni̦n)C ziHβV{ANQn
   J(pJ)զsWqC
   
   Philipp Braunbeck iL ESS-1868 ĥdWӸuΨؼWq
   A pGˤWAUCC
   
   b@x 386 qWAڵo{֤ߩROCӿﶵno-hltiHCTC oӿ
   s֤ߦb]mjɤn HLT OC ziH}ɤʸոաA Φb
   LILO ]wɤ[Wappend="no-hlt"
   
   ǭĥduơASnBαaAe
   
6.23 񭵡A

   pGz񭵡AoAո:
     * ϥβV{ܾAӷ(pJ)
     * ϥβV{NӨӷWqը̤j
     * iHܡAbMS-DOSUաAݬݬOOw譱D
       
   ɿΩ񭵥Ϊ DMA qDOPC oرpUKO DMA ]w
   C
   
6.24 i DOS ]Xʵ{AMڪ"ۮed"Sk

   hƱpUA"nQdۮe" db Linux UYnQdXʵ{Φӧ O
   Xʵ{A|nC hƸ٬ۮe(p "16 줸 SB Pro ۮe"  SB ۮe
   "16줸")dAnQdۮeҦO DOS CۮeʩҰC hƥd
   ۤv 16 줸Ҧib̪ Linux(2.0.1H) |䴩C
   
   u@(q`)dեnQdҦB@C sdu@Өҥ~A
   NO MwaveDdC
   
6.25 ڪ 16 줸nQdۮedb Linux Uu 8 줸Ҧ

   ٩MnQdۮe 16 줸ĥduM 8 줸nQd Pro ۮeӤwC
   ̦MnQd 16 ۮe 16 줸ҦAM Linux Xʵ{ۮeC
   
   ]\ MAD16  MSS/WSS Xʵ{AzN 16 줸ҦFC
   
6.26 b̧o Linux γn?

   o̦@Ǧnɮ׮wAiHjM Linux MΪγn:
     * [39]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/
     * [40]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/
     * [41]ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/
     * [42]ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/util/sound/
     * [43]ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/xtra/snd-kit/
     * [44]ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound/
       
6.27 Xʵ{iiHsĶiJҲ?

   ̷s֤߸̪Xʵ{iHiJҲաC
   
   ԱаѦҦb /usr/src/linux/Documentation/sound ̪ɮסA רO
   Introduction  README.modulesC
   
6.28 گDx͹nέĥdoX?

   ոoplbeep{Aib
   [45]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/oplbeep-2.3.tar.gz 
   C
   
   t@ܺءAs beep {Aib
   [46]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/patches/misc/modreq_beep.tg
   z C
   
   modutils M󦳭ӽdҵ{ή֤߭׸ɡA䴩b֤߭nDɡA ~{A
   nC
   
   t~b@ǭĥdWAziHNPCzX쭵ĥdWAo˩ҦnNѭ
   ĥd oXӤFC
   
6.29 VoxWareO?

    4Front Technologies X⪺ӷ~Xʵ{HeVoxWareA
   USS(Unix Sound System)AƦTASD(ȥBLWXʵ{) W١C {
   boXʵ{Ws OSS(Open Sound System)C b Linux ֤ߤ]t
   ɥsOSS/FreeC
   
   nhTAФW 4Front Technologies  (b
   [47]http://www.opensound.com/)C ڦb [48]Linux Journal 1997 ~븹
   g@g  OSS/Linux פ峹C
   
6.30 Sox/Play/Vplay ^ "invalid block size 1024"

   b 1.3.67 ֤ߤ(~)ˬd SNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE ioctl O_
   Ǧ^j 4096 񭵳n饢ġC ̷sXʵ{wץAקKtmp 4096
   bytes HAѨMF¤ε{DC
   
6.31 ڸJXʵ{ҲիAV]wNQ]F

   ziHNXʵ{iJҲաAèϥ kerneld ۰ʸJΰhC M
   ӳoyF@ӰD - ҲխsJɡAV ]wS^kwwȡC 靈
   ǭĥdӻAo|Ӥjn(pnQd16)ΤӤpnC Markus Gutschke
   (gutschk@uni-muenster.de)o{FoDѨMDAbz
   /etc/conf.modules ɤ[JpU@:
   
options sound dma_buffsize=65536 && /usr/bin/setmixer igain 0 ogain 0 vol 75

   o|bXʵ{JߨzV{(bdҤO setmixer )C
   dma_buffsize ѼƨSNqAOOݪA]oөRO ݭn@ǩROC
   ﶵC W令zQnVμWq]wȡC
   
   pGzNXʵ{si֤ߡAӷQb}N۰ʳ]wqAziHb}
   ۰ʰ /etc/rc.d/rc.localNV{[ihC
   
6.32 u root 

   b Readme.linux ROZw]|Nĳ]ɳ]Ȧ root iŪA oO
   FɦwW|}C bҸ̡A ~ϥΪ̥iHݳsiĥd
   JLinuxtΨťC pGz߳oӡAziHܳoөROZv
   C
   
   bw]w˪kA@ϥΪ̤MiH񭵮ɡC o|ywWIA
   ϦӥiHٱܦh·СC
   
6.33 bIBM ThinkPadWĵwiH䴩?

   pb Linux Uϥ IBM ThinkPad W mwave ĥdTAib
   /usr/src/linux/Documentation/sound/mwaveɤA ]O֤߭lX@
   C
   
6.34 ]ڪĥdSVAҥHε{ڥ

   @ª 8 줸nQdSVqC ǭε{nDn}ҲV
   ]ơA boǥdWN|ġC Jens Werner (
   [49]werner@bert.emv.ing.tu-bs.de iF@ӸѪkA /dev/mixer s
   /dev/nullA @ӳܦnFC
   
6.35 SB16 CT4170 D

   HU Scott Manley( [50]spm@star.arm.ac.uk):
   
     ݰ_Ӧ@طsnQd -- H SB16 Wq浹ڭ̡AӥdO
     CT4170C oNu@ DMA qDAҥHzյ۳]wɡA֤ߦs 16
     줸 DMA |·СC ѨMDOĤG DMA ] 1Ao˳oidNMs
     iW۲ŤFC
     
6.36 ˱N MIDI keyboard s쭵ĥdW?

   HU Kim GC SC OEyhus ( [51]kim@pvv.ntnu.no):
   
     ڨںWHέĥdBjMpD keyboard  MIDI
     output s쭵ĥd MIDI input o²檺ƪkAGڤ򳣨S
     C DO̳ϥΦP@]ơA/dev/midiAܤ֦b OSS ĨtΤWO
     pC ҥHڧF@ؤkAƱMjaɡC o˴NyXF@²檺
     XAæ MIDI 䴩:
     
      MIDI N MIDI D KEYBOARD s쭵ĥd
     
     MIDI D keyboard O@ӨSX keyboardAWu@ MIDI out
     yC oiHzLAsusWĥdW 15 pin D-SUB sC
     
     o keyboard iHΨӱĥdWX]ơAXF@²
     keyboard XC
     
     AsĶHU{Ap 'gcc -o prog prog.c' ð楦:
     
#include <fcntl.h>

main()
{
  int filAa;
  char b[256];

  fil=open("/dev/midi"AO_RDWR);
  for(;;)
    {
      a=read(filAbA256);
      write(filAbAa);
    }
}

6.37 IRQ 15 H Ensoniq PCI 128 D

   HU Matthew Inger ( [52]mattinger@mindless.com) :
   
     p Ensoniq PCI 128 iΪTC
     
     oi{DOw]ȬO IRQ 15C(oI Plug and Pray ot_d)C
     oӤ_]OĤG IDE Ψ쪺AӥBM䥦]Ʀ@ɡC z
     j es1370 ϥΨ䥦_(Nb Windows UiH IRQ 11 @)C
     
     HHѧAAڦۦFoDѨMDC
     
     کҰ:
     
     a) b BIOS AziqzS HY OSAڬ۫Hobڪ
     BIOS  advanced options ̡C
     
     b) b BIOS  PCI ]wAnqOd_ 15  ISA]ơC bڪ
     BIOSAb Advanced Options A@O]w PCI Ab̥iHư
     @Ǹ귽 PCI ΡANb̳]wC
     
     z}i Linux zNťnFC (ڤOoOOӱ`ܶ}
     TF) w_AڦA@M sndconfigA|XխġAť_
     ӤˡA oXnFC Mӧک CD ɡAť_ӯuOηFC
     
     Windows NǾߤFAڸդFidA@iO ISA ModemAt@iO
     dA ӳBLêC
     
     z BIOS MڪiणPALzundMeӳ]wbNnC
     nBC
     
6.38 ڦbiHiۥѴ MIDI patchAӵ SoftOSS ϥ?

   SoftOSS OM Gravis UltraSound dۮeA ]tb֤߭Xʵ{ni
   ΪX(]iHOn魵)C nϥγoXʵ{Aݭn GUS ۮe
   MIDI patch ɡC WkO "public domain MIDIA patchset available
   from several ftp sites" (} MIDIA patch ibX ftp )
   
   pP 4Front Technologies W(
   [53]http://www.opensound.com/softoss.html)Ḁib
   [54]ftp://archive.cs.umbc.edu/pub/midia/instruments.tar.gz UC
   
7. ѦҤm

   pGz䴩 CD-ROM  SCSI ĥdAѾ\ [55]SCSI HOWTO H
   Linux [56]CD-ROM HOWTO iiHzhΪTC (Ķ`: CDROM HOWTO
   媩b [57]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/CDROM-HOWTO.html)
   
   [58]Sound Playing HOWTO hpbLinuxUUؤPĤέɦ
   СC (Ķ`: 媩b
   [59]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Sound-Playing-HOWTO.html)
   
   [60]Linux SoundBlaster AWE32/64 Mini-HOWTOyzpb Linux UϥnQd
   32  64C (Ķ`: 媩b
   [61]http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/mini/Soundblaster-AWE.html)
   
   {]pTi 4Front Technologies 
   [62]http://www.opensound.com/pguideoC
   
   HUFAQwiKUsenetQװ [63]news.announce Hɮ׮w
   [64]ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers:
     * PCsoundcards/generic-faq (Generic PC Soundcard FAQ)
     * PCsoundcards/soundcard-faq (comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard FAQ)
     * PCsoundcards/gravis-ultrasound/faq (Gravis UltraSound FAQ)
     * audio-fmts/part1 (Audio file format descriptions)
     * audio-fmts/part2 (Audio file format descriptions)
       
   oFAQ]CX@ǩM~qH׾¤ɮ׮wC HUUsenetQװϥDn
   Q׭Ĥ ֬D:
   
     * [65]alt.binaries.sounds.* (iKɡAܦhs)
     * [66]alt.binaries.multimedia (iKhCɮץ)
     * [67]alt.sb.programmer (MnQd{]p)
     * [68]comp.multimedia (hCMD)
     * [69]comp.music (qֲzפάs)
     * [70]comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard.* (UIBM PCĥds)
       
   b [71]http://viswiz.gmd.de/MultimediaInfo/ӦhC MxC
   Creative Labs hb [72]http://www.creaf.com/C MediaTrix b
   [73]http://www.mediatrix.com/
   
   LinuxqH׾¦\h󤣦PDD(]A)WDC QDpѥ[A H@
   ʤe "help" H [74]majordomo@vger.rutgers.eduC ̦nnΥ
   ݦp]wĥdoDA ̬O}o̰QץΪC
   
   eLnXFAXʵ{]tܦhReadmeɡA ̭ܦhMXʵ{
   TC ̱``b /usr/src/linux/drivers/soundؿ̡C
   
   b4Front Technologies [75]http://www.opensound.com/ WAiHݨ
   Linux Ψ䥦 Unix ۮe@~tΥΪӷ~Xʵ{OSSTC
   
   Linux Software MapOjLinuxn骺ΰѦҡC r sound jM
   LSM OѧO󭵮ĵw骺ε{nkC LSM ibܦhΦWɮ׮wA]A
   [76]ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/LSM/(eW sunsite) 
   C ]Ǻ@ Linux ε{ƮwA
   [77]http://www.freshmeat.net O䤤@C
   
   Linux pe(LDP)s@FnX Linux ѡA]A Linux Installation
   and Getting StartedC oǥiqDn Linux FTP ɮ׮wKOoAάO
   RwC
   
   ̫OAMǦѤʤAL٬Oeڦbpsi: pGzQǾ
   hb Linux UhC (SOO CD-ROM έĥdΤε{]p
   )Aѩڽs۪ Linux Multimedia GuideAISBN 1-56592-219-0A
   O'Reilly and Associates qXC Fl^媩~A k媩M媩
   ]ILC Yb_wAйq 800-998-9938C άOUHUx:
   [78]http://www.ora.com/catalog/multilinux/noframes.html ΥH}
   [79]http://www.pobox.com/~tranter/

References

   1. mailto:jeff_tranter@pobox.com
   2. mailto:yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net
   3. mailto:hannu@voxware.pp.fi
   4. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/utils/text/sgml-tools-0.99.0.tar.gz
   5. news:comp.os.linux.answers
   6. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/
   7. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/
   8. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Sound-HOWTO.html
   9. http://www.freenix.org/unix/linux/HOWTO/
  10. http://yebisu.ics.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/linux/
  11. http://kldp.linux-kr.org/HOWTO/html/Sound/Sound-HOWTO.html
  12. http://www.phtd.tpu.edu.ru/~ott/russian/linux/howto-rus/Sound-HOWTO.html
  13. ftp://ftp.insflug.org/es
  14. http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/
  15. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/
  16. mailto:jeff_tranter@pobox.com
  17. mailto:yorkwu@ms4.hinet.net
  18. mailto:linux-howto@metalab.unc.edu
  19. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/COPYRIGHT.html
  20. http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/COPYRIGHT.html
  21. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/unmaintained/SCSI-HOWTO
  22. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/CDROM-HOWTO.html
  23. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/CDROM-HOWTO.html
  24. http://www.opensound.com/
  25. http://www.alsa-project.org/
  26. mailto:mum@mmk.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de
  27. http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~mccreary/tbeach
  28. mailto:burgaard@daimi.aau.dk
  29. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/mpu401-0.2.tar.gz
  30. ftp://ftp.infomatik.hu-berlin.de/pub/os/linux/hu-sound/
  31. http://www.redhat.com/
  32. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Kernel-HOWTO.html
  33. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Kernel-HOWTO.html
  34. ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/snd-data-0.1.tar.Z
  35. http://www.altavista.digital.com/
  36. http://www.opensound.com/
  37. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/games/doom
  38. ftp://pandora.st.hmc.edu/pub/linux/musserver.tgz
  39. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/
  40. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/
  41. ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/
  42. ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/util/sound/
  43. ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/xtra/snd-kit/
  44. ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound/
  45. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/oplbeep-2.3.tar.gz
  46. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/patches/misc/modreq_beep.tgz
  47. http://www.opensound.com/
  48. http://www.ssc.com/lj/
  49. mailto:werner@bert.emv.ing.tu-bs.de
  50. mailto:spm@star.arm.ac.uk
  51. mailto:kim@pvv.ntnu.no
  52. mailto:mattinger@mindless.com
  53. http://www.opensound.com/softoss.html
  54. ftp://archive.cs.umbc.edu/pub/midia/instruments.tar.gz
  55. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/unmaintained/SCSI-HOWTO
  56. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/CDROM-HOWTO.html
  57. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/CDROM-HOWTO.html
  58. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Sound-Playing-HOWTO.html
  59. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/Sound-Playing-HOWTO.html
  60. http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/mini/Soundblaster-AWE.html
  61. http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/mini/Soundblaster-AWE.html
  62. http://www.opensound.com/pguide
  63. news:news.announce
  64. ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers
  65. news:alt.binaries.sounds
  66. news:alt.binaries.multimedia
  67. news:alt.sb.programmer
  68. news:comp.multimedia
  69. news:comp.music
  70. news:comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
  71. http://viswiz.gmd.de/MultimediaInfo/
  72. http://www.creaf.com/
  73. http://www.mediatrix.com/
  74. mailto:majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu
  75. http://www.opensound.com/
  76. ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/LSM/
  77. http://www.freshmeat.net/
  78. http://www.ora.com/catalog/multilinux/noframes.html
  79. http://www.pobox.com/~tranter/
